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WRITING OF THE NEWS:The inverted pyramid, Lead, Credit line

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EDITING OF THE NEWS:Characteristics of good news:Process of editing a news >>
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TV News Reporting and Production ­ MCM 516
VU
LESSON 17
WRITING OF THE NEWS
News is very important thing in today's media scenario and there are a numbers of factors to modify the
importance of news in actual practice.
The policy of news medium may increase or diminish the importance of the story.
The class of viewers and listeners that dominates the audience of a channel determines largely what is
news for that medium.
The amount of time available on television determines whether is told briefly or in detail and thus time
alters the value of a news story.
Repeating the same news also sometimes decreases the importance of a news story.
How to write the news?
The news story is totally and radically different from all other kinds of composition. A narrative, a short
story, a novel, a play, a drama, book, or a film script begins with a description of the background or with
the introduction of various characters and conditions. The story ends soon after the climax is reached.
On the contrary, a standard news story starts with the climax and leaves the details for the closing
sentence.
The story in all other cases opens gradually and major information is given in middle of a story while in
news it opens with a bang all concrete things are mentioned at start and then the relevant detail is
described.
The inverted pyramid
The pyramid or the upright triangle is the style of fiction or literary writing where as the news follows
the inverse triangle or inverted pyramid style.
Contents of news
What?
What happened? What is the event?
When?
When it occurred, at what time it took place?
Where?
The place, where the incident occurred.
Who?
The persons involved at that occasion.
Why?
The reason of that particular issue.
How?
The sequence of the event.
Lead
It is the heading of the news that contains the above-mentioned five Ws and one H.
Intro
It means the introduction and it is first and the foremost part of the news as it contains the gist of whole
news. Many features and essay have also the intro.
Credit line
Credit line is the thing mentioned in the start of a news that's is the place of news with its source from
where it has been obtained.
Body text
Intro is followed by the body text that contains the details of a particular story.
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TV News Reporting and Production ­ MCM 516
VU
Types of news according to contents
·
News based on facts
·
News based on statement
·
News based on action
News based on facts
The structure of the news based on fact will be as follows;
Leading fact
Secondary fact
Other fact
In the lead the most important facts or the climax of the story is given and as the story proceeds further
facts, secondary or subsequent information is revealed. Such kind of story is not very difficult to write.
The important thing is to judge the relative value of data and fact available and to arrange them in order
of their importance. The composition breaks logically at every paragraph and can easily be cut down or
lengthened as according to time available.
News based on statement
The statement or the quote of some prominent personality is also taken a s a news as in our country
there is a lot of statement journalism.
The structure of such news will be as follows;
Lead summary of the statement
Summary of less important part
Summary of even lesser important part
These include speeches, views; interviews talks, comments and opinions based on recorded information
delivered either in written form or verbally told to the news reporters.
News based on statement
The action news is quite difficult to write as compared to rest of two types of the stories. The reporter
only narrated the action but he has to keep in mind the dramatic incidents, description of persons
involved in that action, statements of eyewitnesses and explanatory data as well. After the lead is written
and important events are given in chronological order, important information, background and detail is
provided.
Finding out the lead
A reporter while writing a news story of any kind is constantly in search of a fact or a combination that
will be suitable for a lead. After all the fact and information the reporter faces the task of converting
them to in to a brisk beginning. In most of the news stories, the most important act or information is
given in the opening paragraph, which is lead and for lead usually "answer the five Ws technique" is
followed.
The lead should be clear, provocative and simple, as one can easily understand it. Usually it should be
with a name, a noun, or an article, rarely with a participle, proposition or complete passage.
Example
Three persons (who) killed and nine injured last night (when) as a speeding truck
(what) collided
(why) with a coach while overtaking another bus (how) at GT road (where).
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TV News Reporting and Production ­ MCM 516
VU
The television newsroom is more complicated than that of radio or a paper's newsroom as television
newsroom has editing equipment and production experts and other technical apparatus.
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Table of Contents:
  1. CREATIVITY AND IDEA GENERATION FOR TELEVISION:Video Procedures
  2. PRE-REQUISITES OF A CREATIVE PRODUCER/DIRECTOR:SET-UP RESPONSIBILITIES
  3. REFINING AN IDEA FOR PRODUCTION:Drama, Magazine Shows, Documentary
  4. CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT:Variable. Pure and applied research
  5. RESEARCH AND REVIEWS:Research Procedure, Review of available literature
  6. SCRIPT WRITING:Elements of a successful story, Characters, Effects
  7. PRE-PRODUCTION PHASE:Indoor production, Outdoor production, Essentials of PBE
  8. SELECTION OF REQUIRED CONTENT AND TALENT:Camera rehearsal
  9. PROGRAMME PLANNING:Checklist, Electronic Field Production (EFP)
  10. PRODUCTION PHASE:Floor plan, Traditional set, Representational set, Design elements
  11. CAMERA WORK:Movement of lens of camera, Types of shots
  12. LIGHT AND AUDIO:Importance of sound in TV, Use of microphone, Loudness
  13. DAY OF RECORDING/PRODUCTION:Rehearsals,Point to ponder
  14. LINEAR EDITING AND NLE:Episode, Scene, Editing, Production Switcher
  15. MIXING AND USES OF EFFECTS:Live Sound Effects, ARROW STRIKING
  16. SELECTION OF THE NEWS:Elements of news, Timeliness, proximity
  17. WRITING OF THE NEWS:The inverted pyramid, Lead, Credit line
  18. EDITING OF THE NEWS:Characteristics of good news:Process of editing a news
  19. COMPILATION OF NEWS BULLETIN:Hard news, Soft news, Investigative report
  20. PRESENTATION OF NEWS BULLETIN
  21. MAKING SPECIAL BULLETINS:Agriculture, Show biz, Fashion, Drama
  22. TECHNICAL CODES, TERMINOLOGY, AND PRODUCTION GRAMMAR
  23. TYPES OF TV PRODUCTION:Magazine Shows, Specific audience programming
  24. DRAMA AND DOCUMENTARY:Documentary film, Defining documentary
  25. SOURCES OF TV NEWS:Reporters, Correspondents, Monitoring, News Agency
  26. FUNCTIONS OF A REPORTER
  27. BEATS OF REPORTING:City reporter, Social reporters, Show-biz reporter
  28. STRUCTURE OF NEWS DEPARTMENT:Beat Reporters, Online media
  29. ELECTRONIC FIELD PRODUCTION:Sports, Electronic news gathering
  30. LIVE TRANSMISSIONS:Studio floor, Switcher, Master control room, Camera control units
  31. QUALITIES OF A NEWS PRODUCER:Determination, Awareness, Sharp an active
  32. DUTIES OF A NEWS PRODUCER
  33. ASSIGNMENT/NEWS EDITOR:Accuracy, Fairness and Reliability, Conflict
  34. SHOOTING A NEWS FILM:The Influence of telecast News
  35. PREPARATION OF SPECIAL REPORTS:Uncovering Truth, Reportage
  36. INTERVIEWS, VOX POPS AND PUBLIC OPINIONS:INTERVIEW, Information
  37. BACK GROUND VOICE AND VOICE OVER:Natural or Raw Sound, Sound Effects
  38. SPOKEN WORDS AND RELEVANT VISUALS:Digital Audio, Quantizing Error
  39. TALK SHOWS, FORUMS AND DISCUSSION PROGRAMMES
  40. FUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS OF A TV SET UP
  41. PROGRAMMES DEPARTMENT:Program content, Television series by genre
  42. NEWS AND CURRENT AFFAIRS THE PROGRAMMING & SCHEDULING
  43. COORDINATION AMONG DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS OF TELEVISION
  44. COORDINATION AMONG DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS OF TELEVISION - 2 SUB-DEPARTMENTS AND SMALL SECTIONS
  45. COORDINATION AMONG DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS OF TELEVISION 3