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THE MUSIC I:Folk Music, Classical Music, Light Music, Pop Music

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THE MUSIC II:Classification of Raga In Terms Of Notes, Aado, Khaado >>
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LESSON 42
THE MUSIC I
Types of Music
·  Folk Music
The music in the traditional style of a country or community is called Folk Music. It is deep rooted in the
soil it belongs to and travels from generation to generation. It consists of typical tunes and melodies given
to folk songs. E.g., maaahia, tappa, gidda, etc.
·  Classical Music
It is a kind of music that involves high skill of the singer who possesses a command on musical notes. (raga,
raagni, Thaath, ). Classical Music is purely based on Ragas.
·
Light Music
Ghazals, geet, thhumri etc.
·  Pop Music
Popular music ­ fast beat music ­ rock n roll, jazz etc.
Note (sur)
A single sound of a particular length and pitch, made by a voice or musical instrument is called note. Every
note represents a frequency of voice.
Frequency ­ number of sound waves per second is called frequency.
Minimum cycles/second -----------------160
Maximum cycles/second -----------------1800
Seven Notes
There are seven notes in music which are:
SAA, RE`, GAA, MAA, PAA, DHAA, NEE
SUR
FREQUENCY
Saa  (kharaj)
9/8
Re`  (rikham)
10/9
Gaa (gandhaar)
16/15
Maa (mudham)
9/8
Paa (puncham)
9/8
Dhaa (dhevat)
10/9
Nee (nikhaad)
16/15
Teevar Sur
The sharp notes of a raga are called Teevar Notes.
Komal Sur.
The soft notes of a raga are called Komal Notes.
Chord
When two or more notes are sounded together they are said to form a Chord
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Concord
When two or more notes sounded together produce a pleasant effect on the ear, the combination is called a
Concord or Consonance.
Discord
When two or more notes sounded together produce an unpleasant effect on the ears, the combination of
the notes is called Discord.
Harmony
When notes producing concord are sounded simultaneously, the effect is called Harmony.
Melody
When notes producing concord sound one after the other, the effect is called Melody.
Unison
When two notes have the same frequency, they are said to be in Unison.
Rhythm
A strong regular repeated pattern of sounds or movements is called rhythm. Equal Distribution of beats is
called rhythm.
Thaath
It is a scale of seven notes which ragas are derived from. Thaath is the origin of ragas. Traditionally there
are 72 thaaths. Pandat Bhaaskar Raao declared 32 thaaths. Currently there are 32 valid thaaths.
Raga
The arrangement of notes that sounds pleasant to the ears is called Raga.
Every raga depicts a time.
The minimum notes in a raga are 5.
The maximum notes in a raga are 7.
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Table of Contents:
  1. WHAT RADIO IS:HISTORY OF RADIO, MARCONI –THE INVENTOR
  2. HISTORY OF RADIO:B.B.C. – 1922, Radio in Sub-Continent, PBC SERVICES
  3. OBJECTIVES OF BROADCASTING IN PAKISTAN:Information, Islamic ideology
  4. NEWS VALUES I:CONFLICT, PROGRESS, VICTORY AND DEFEAT
  5. NEWS VALUES II:TIMELINESS, PROXIMITY, NOVELTY, HUMAN INTEREST
  6. NEWS VALUES AND ELEMENTS OF NEWS:MISCELLANEOUS NEWS VALUES
  7. MEASURING THE IMPORTANCE OF NEWS:Intensity of an Event, NEWS STORY TYPES
  8. TYPES OF NEWS STORIES II:SIMPLE TYPES, ILLNESS, DEATH
  9. TYPES OF NEWS STORIES III:Conspiracy, Drug Trafficking, Lunar Months
  10. TYPES OF NEWS STORIES IV:COMPLEX NEWS, Forms of Government, Monarchy
  11. TYPES OF NEWS STORIES V:Education, Research, Religion
  12. TYPES OF NEWS STORIES VI:Lifestyles, Receptions, Entertainment
  13. SOURCES OF NEWS I:Network of Reporters, QUALITIES OF A REPORTER
  14. SOURCES OF NEWS II:MONITORING, NEWS/ PRESS RELEASE
  15. SOURCES OF NEWS III:National News Agencies, HARD NEWS, SOFT NEWS
  16. REPORTING:ORDER OF REPORTING, REPORTER’S QUALITIES, Well informed
  17. A SUCCESSFUL RADIO REPORTER:Briefing, Reporter’s Ammunition, Meeting Deadline
  18. INTERPRETATIVE REPORTING I:Growth of Interpretative Reporting
  19. INTERPRETATIVE REPORTING II:Factual Background, SPEECH STORY
  20. INTERPRETATIVE REPORTING III:FIRES & ACCIDENTS, CRIME STORIES
  21. INVESTIGATIVE REPORTING I:Thalidomide Scandal, Watergate Scandal
  22. INVESTIGATIVE REPORTING II:Identification of the problem, INTERVIEW
  23. TYPES OF INTERVIEW:Hard News Interview, Informational Interview
  24. ESSENTIALS OF A GOOD INTERVIEW I:Comments and Opinion, Topic must be specific
  25. ESSENTIALS OF A GOOD INTERVIEW II:Preparation of the Interview, Language
  26. RADIO NEWS GLOSSARY:Actuality, Cut, Voicer, Wrap, Hourly, Lead
  27. FUNDAMENTALS OF NEWS WRITING:Inverted Pyramided Style, Telling the Story
  28. FUNDAMENTALS OF WRITING NEWS FOR RADIO I:Language
  29. FUNDAMENTALS OF WRITING NEWS FOR RADIO II:Complex numbers
  30. ESSENTIALS OF A NEWSCASTER:Authority, Credibility, Language, Pronunciation
  31. PRODUCTION AND PLANNING:Principals of Planning a Program
  32. PRODUCER & BUDGETING:Strengths of a Radio Program, Budgeting a Program
  33. JARGONS OF PRODUCTION (Continued):Frequency spectrum, Dead studio
  34. TYPES OF TALK:Qualification of a Talker, Essentials of a talk, Vetting a talk
  35. DISCUSSION:Controlled Discussion, Live Discussion, Current affairs
  36. DISCUSSION:Selection of the TopicKnowledge of the Topic, Narrowing down the topic
  37. RADIO FEATURE:Sound Effects, Narration, Dramatic Feature, Religion, Personalities
  38. RADIO DOCUMENTARY:Commentary, History, Persons, Things, Phenomena
  39. DRAMA:Solo plays, Series, Serial, Soap, Components of Drama
  40. SPECIAL AUDIENCE PROGRAM:Children’s Programs, Women’s programs
  41. SPORTS PROGRAM:Live Programs, Recorded Programs, Preparation of OB
  42. THE MUSIC I:Folk Music, Classical Music, Light Music, Pop Music
  43. THE MUSIC II:Classification of Raga In Terms Of Notes, Aado, Khaado
  44. ETHICS & LIMITATIONS OF MEDIA:Domain of Freedom of Media, Defamation
  45. RECAP:What Radio Is, Timeliness, Elements of news, Types of Reporting, Production