CAPITAL SOURCES IN PAKISTAN:PROVINCIAL LEVEL INSTITUTIONS, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS

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Entrepreneurship MGT602

Lesson 37

CAPITAL SOURCES IN PAKISTAN

PROVINCIAL LEVEL INSTITUTIONS

1. Punjab Small Industries Corporation (PSIC)

In the province pf Punjab PSIC was established in 1972 as an autonomous body for the promotion and

development of the small-scale industries in the province. The PSIC covers the critical areas of investment

promotion and provision of credits for setting up new industries and modernization of the existing ones. It

also promotes the common facility center, technology transfer, guidance, handicrafts development and

design facilities.

(a) Financing and Loans

PSIC is providing two types of loans to its clients, working capital and capital investment

loans. The maximum limit of loan is RS. 7.5 Lac. There are district officers appointed for

monitoring the loan recovery and in the case of unrecoverable loans, they are transferred

to the revenue authorities. PSIC has managed to recover 81.6% of all loans given out.

Disbursing Rs. 1768.537 million to 6339 units through its 8 regional offices ( till 31-02-

2001). The debt equity ration for loan up to Rs. 7.5 Lac is 70:30.

(b) Industrial Estates

PSIC has developed 14 industrial estates in various areas of the Punjab. The costs of land

within these industrial states have been subsidized to allow the development of the small-

scale sector.

(c) Services and Programs

PSIC has also launched "Rural Industrialization Program" to control unemployment and

strengthen the marginal household income through stimulation of industrial growth in

the urban and rural areas of the Punjab.

PSIC has established various types of service centers e.g. metal industries development

center, Sialkot, Engineering service centers. Gujranwala, institute of pottery

development, Shahdara etc

2: Sindh Small Industries Corporation (SSIC)

SSIC was established in 1972 having motives to indulge into promotional activities of small-scale industries

in Sindh. The objectives of SSIC include financial assistance, education of craftsman, census and survey of

cottage and small industries, procurement and distribution of raw materials to artisans and craftsman. SSIC

was also involved in the Prime Minister's self-employment scheme for the dispersal of the micro credits.

(a) Industrial Estates and Colonies

The SSIC has established 17 industrial estates in Sindh. Total number of plots developed

there are 1938 and there are 302 units working utilizing 571 plots. There are six different

craftsman colonies established having 92 shops.

(b) Financing Schemes

The SSIC also launched a credit scheme in 88,/89. The rate of markup was 7% for

industrial estates and 11% for factories outside the industrial estates. The scheme was

discontinued in 1993 due to shortage of funds although SSIC has created already 526

jobs and disbursed 20.6 million rupees. In October 1992, a self-employment scheme was

started for locally manufactured machinery (LMM). The loan ceiling is 1 million with the

markup rate of 14%. The total amount disbursed to 171 units is rupees 98 million. The

recovery rate is 47%.

Entrepreneurship MGT602

3. Small Industries Development Board (SIDB) NWFP

The SIDP was established in 1972. It is playing a promotional role to support and assist the development

of small and cottage industry in the province. The SIDB is an autonomous body, focusing on manpower

training, model projects and industrial infrastructure. It has 14 regional offices in the different cities of

NWFP.

a. Training Centers

SIDB has established carpet centers in five cities of NWFP and has trained 1327 number

of trainees. The SIDB has established "Patti" training centers, textile training and

"gabba" training centers which has trained 151 trainees.

b. Development Programs and Model Projects

SIDB has also launched various women development programs, which has trained 2062

women trainees in a number of fields of work. The SIDB is also involved in establishing

other various kinds of model projects for wood working, leather goods, wool spinning,

ceramic device etc. The total number of trainees trained is about 8000.

c. Industrial Estates

SIDB has established 9 industrial estates. There are a total of 1620 plots and the total

jobs created are 4405.

d. Financial Assistance

SIDB is also managing different credit schemes for small industries. To date, a total

number of 198 million rupees have been disbursed to 452 enterprises. SIDB is also

disbursing credit under the self-employment scheme.

4. Directorate of Industries (Balochistan)

The directorate of industries was formed in 1976 and it looks after all the promotional schemes for SMEs.

Further more, the directorate is also involved in providing various kinds of advisory and consultancy

services.

a. Training Centers

The directorate operates sixty-three training centers in various trades, one service center,

5 sales and display shops and one small-industries estate. Of the 63 training centers,

about third are carpet centers, seven are embroidery centers and the others cover areas

like tailoring, wood work, marble work, mazri and durree production.

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS

In order to meet this financing requirement, a number of institutions have been formed. These are:

Small Business Finance Corporation (SBFC).

Youth Investment Promotion Scheme (YIPS).

Regional Development Finance Corporation (RDFC).

Industrial Development Bank of Pakistan (IDBP).

A few commercial banks such as Allied Bank Limited and First Women Bank Limited have also started

schemes to provide loans to low-income clients who are generally not able to access the formal source of

financing.

Entrepreneurship MGT602

Small Business Finance Corporation (SBFC)

It was established in 1972 as a federal entity. The main aim was at the time of establishment, to assist small

entrepreneurs for self-employment and setting up cottage industry. The mark up was kept lower; the

majority lending was towards self-employment leaving only 2% for small industries.

Restructuring SBFC

The management took over in year 2000 and restructured the entire corporation. The restructuring was

based on the facts that SBFC has deviated from its main aim resulting in a weak balance sheet. 70% of its

credit portfolio was infected by non-performing loans. Usage of information technology was non-existing

and the management was ineffective. There were 1400 employees at 96 branches. The internal control and

management was highly ineffective with poor quality of human resources, poor work ethics, poor

infrastructure and non-existence of training and development culture.

Restructured SBFC

The total number of branches has been reduced to 63 around 270 people opted for golden

handshake. Separate human resource department has been setup, a separate information technology

department was established to spread IT knowledge among SBFC employees, and a treasurer division has

been setup in Karachi, which is responsible for management of cash and surplus funds.

Financing Programs

SBFC is financing various types of projects such as Gem Stones, cotton ginning, textile apparel, and

marble processing etc. currently SBFC can disburse up to rupees 1.5 million for a project having total cost

of five million and lend up-to 50% of the total project cost of small businesses but for that total project

cost should not exceed 50 million. It can also share up to 30% of total projected cost for a medium sized

industry where the total project cost does not exceed rupees 100 million.

Regional Development Finance Corporation

The Regional Development Finance Corporation was established in 1985 having paid up capital of Rs.

172,500 million and with the specific objective of promoting the industrialization of the less developed

areas of the country. RDFC is a multi-product financial institution. It participates in money market, capital

market and micro credit delivery. The head office of RDFC is located at Islamabad and a network of 14

branches carries out its operations across the country. Besides financing of medium to large sized industrial

concerns RDFC has been involved in disbursing micro and small sized loans. However, over the last few

years the organization has restrained from forwarding long-term project loans and currently is in the

process of recovering loans from the borrowers.

Financing Programs

Various schemes have been initiated with credit lines from local as well as foreign sources. It has also

started a micro credit scheme called the Credit for Rural Women (ICRW) under which small loans ranging

from Rs. 25000 to Rs. 200,000 are disbursed to women entrepreneurs on subsidized interest rates of 10%.

The total disbursements under the scheme stand at Rs. 2.5 million. RDFC was allocated a credit line of Rs.

167 million for the self-employment schemes out of which a total of Rs. 80 million was disbursed.

Industrial Development Bank of Pakistan

IDBP is Pakistan's one of the oldest development financing institution created with the primary objective

of extending term finance for investment in the manufacturing sectors in the economy. Over the years

however, the bank has emerged as an institution fostering the growth and development of SME sector

stimulating industrial progress in the rural or less developed regions of the country. As a part of its services

Entrepreneurship MGT602

the bank offers business development assistance through providing information on potential small-scale

investment projects. In this regard numerous pre-feasibility studies have been developed for identification

of viable sub sectors.

The Role of NGOs

The NGOs are working on socio-economic sector in the development of SMEs. They are privately owned

organization registered under the social welfare act. They normally work through grants, aids or donation

based finances. They are having a very constructive role in the SME development. The special property of

this sector is gender development. They at some places tried to replicate Grameen banks model.

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