{"id":7463,"date":"2021-02-23T08:48:22","date_gmt":"2021-02-23T08:48:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/?p=7463"},"modified":"2021-05-25T10:20:50","modified_gmt":"2021-05-25T10:20:50","slug":"diamox","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/medicines\/diamox\/","title":{"rendered":"Diamox &#8211; Acetazolamide uses, dose and side effects"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p> 500 mg of\u00a0powder for\u00a0injection, solution\u00a0<br>acetazolamide<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. What Diamox is and what it is used for<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Diamox contains acetazolamide as the active ingredient, which lowers the pressure inside the eye by reducing the production of&nbsp;aqueous humor&nbsp;(fluid inside the eyeball).<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Diamox is used as a short-term treatment in eye surgery as there is reason to fear that the pressure in the eye will rise.&nbsp;Diamox is also used before eye surgery to treat&nbsp;acute&nbsp;narrow-angle glaucoma.&nbsp;It is also used as&nbsp;adjunctive&nbsp;therapy in the treatment of&nbsp;epilepsy&nbsp;(&nbsp;petit mal&nbsp;).<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. What you need to know before you are given Diamox&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">You should not be given Diamox<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>if you are allergic to acetazolamide or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6).<\/li><li>if you have&nbsp;renal&nbsp;hyperchloraemic&nbsp;acidosis&nbsp;(disturbance in the body&#8217;s salt balance due to disturbance in kidney function)<\/li><li>if you have&nbsp;Addison&#8217;s disease&nbsp;(decreased production of corticoid hormones in the adrenal glands above the kidneys)<\/li><li>if you have or have had a severe liver or kidney function<\/li><li>if you have low levels of&nbsp;sodium&nbsp;and\/or&nbsp;potassium&nbsp;in your blood<\/li><li>if you are allergic to&nbsp;sulfonamides<\/li><li>if you are being treated for chronic non-congestive&nbsp;narrow-angle glaucoma&nbsp;(a type of&nbsp;glaucoma in&nbsp;which the normal drainage channels in the eye have narrowed, leading to increased pressure in the eye and impaired vision).&nbsp;Your doctor will talk to you about this.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Warnings and cautions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before giving Diamox:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>if you suffer from a lung or respiratory problems such as&nbsp;emphysema<\/li><li>if you have or have previously had kidney problems such as&nbsp;kidney stones<\/li><li>if you have&nbsp;diabetes&nbsp;or problems with your blood sugar<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>If skin effects or severe changes in the blood count occur, your doctor may stop the treatment and start other appropriate treatment.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Diamox can in rare cases affect the white&nbsp;blood cells&nbsp;so that the&nbsp;defense against&nbsp;infection deteriorates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you get an&nbsp;infection&nbsp;with symptoms such as fever with severe general deterioration or fever with local infection symptoms such as sore throat\/pharynx\/mouth or urination problems, you should see a doctor as soon as possible so that blood tests can rule out a lack of&nbsp;white blood cells&nbsp;(&nbsp;agranulocytosis&nbsp;).&nbsp;It is important that you then information about your medication.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A small number of people who have been treated with anti-epileptic drugs&nbsp;such as Diamox have had thoughts of harming themselves or committing suicide.&nbsp;If you ever get these thoughts, contact your doctor immediately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Other medicines and Diamox<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking or have recently taken or might take any other medicines.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The effects of any of these medicines may change, especially if you take or use any of the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>medicines for&nbsp;epilepsy&nbsp;or seizures (especially&nbsp;phenytoin, <a href=\"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/medicines\/topiramate-1a-pharma\/\">topiramate<\/a>, carbamazepine, or primidone)<\/li><li>drugs for&nbsp;diabetes&nbsp;to lower blood sugar (e.g.,&nbsp;metformin&nbsp;)<\/li><li>other medicines in a group called&nbsp;carbohydrase inhibitors&nbsp;(used to treat high pressure inside the eye\/eyes)<\/li><li>drugs that affect&nbsp;folic acids&nbsp;such as methotrexate, pyrimethamine, or trimethoprim<\/li><li>blood thinners such as&nbsp;warfarin<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/medicines\/treo-comp\/\">aspirin<\/a> and closely related drugs such as&nbsp;acetylsalicylic acid<\/li><li>cardiac drugs such as cardiac glycosides (eg&nbsp;digoxin&nbsp;)<\/li><li>medicines for high&nbsp;blood pressure<\/li><li>drugs for urinary tract infections (methenamine)<\/li><li>medicines containing amphetamine (a stimulant),&nbsp;quinidine&nbsp;(treats irregular heartbeats), memantine (treats&nbsp;Alzheimer&#8217;s disease&nbsp;), or lithium (treats serious mental problems)<\/li><li>ciclosporin (used after transplants to suppress the immune system)<\/li><li>treatment with sodium bicarbonate (used in conditions where there is too much acid in your body)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Diamox may affect some medical examinations.&nbsp;If you are visiting a hospital or clinic for a medical examination, tell your doctor that you are taking Diamox.&nbsp;Contact your doctor.&nbsp;It may be necessary to change&nbsp;dose&nbsp;one.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pregnancy, breastfeeding, and fertility<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you are pregnant or breast-feeding, think you may be pregnant, or are planning to have a baby, ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice before taking this medicine.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Pregnancy<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Diamox can affect the fetus.&nbsp;Diamox should therefore not be used if you are pregnant, think you may be pregnant, or are planning to have a baby.&nbsp;Ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice before taking any medicine.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Breast-feeding<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Acetazolamide passes into breast milk.&nbsp;There is a risk that children who are breastfed will be affected.&nbsp;Do not use Diamox during lactation except on certain&nbsp;prescriptions from the doctor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice before taking any medicine.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Fertility<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There is a risk that potency and sexual desire in men are affected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Driving and using machines<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If Diamox makes you feel dizzy, drowsy, or confused, do not drive or use machines.&nbsp;It can temporarily cause myopia;&nbsp;if this happens and you feel that you can no longer drive safely, stop driving and consult a doctor.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You are responsible for assessing whether you are fit to drive a motor vehicle or perform work that requires sharpened attention.&nbsp;One of the factors that can affect your ability in these respects is the use of drugs due to their effects and\/or&nbsp;side effects.&nbsp;Descriptions of these effects and&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;can be found in other sections.&nbsp;Read all the information in this leaflet for guidance.&nbsp;If you are not sure, talk to your doctor or pharmacist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Diamox contains sodium<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Diamox contains less than 1 mmol&nbsp;sodium&nbsp;(23 mg) per&nbsp;dose, ie essentially &#8216;sodium-free&#8217;.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to give Diamox<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Short-term treatment with&nbsp;<\/em><em>eye surgery: The<\/em>&nbsp;recommended&nbsp;dose&nbsp;is between 250-1000 mg daily.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Acute&nbsp;narrow-angle glaucoma: The<\/em>&nbsp;recommended&nbsp;dose&nbsp;is 250-1000 mg daily divided into 2-4&nbsp;doses.&nbsp;Diamox can be used with regular pupil astringents.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>As an adjunctive treatment for&nbsp;epilepsy&nbsp;(&nbsp;petit mal&nbsp;): The<\/em>&nbsp;recommended&nbsp;dose&nbsp;for adults is 375 &#8211; 1000 mg daily, divided into 2-4&nbsp;doses.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When Diamox is given in combination with other&nbsp;antiepileptic drugs a starting dose of 250 mg daily is suggested in addition to the treatment already used.&nbsp;This&nbsp;dose&nbsp;is then increased to the above level.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Before taking Diamox and during treatment, your doctor will take blood samples to check if you still need to take Diamox.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">If you are given too much Diamox<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you think you have been given too much of this medicine or if e.g.&nbsp;If a child has inadvertently ingested the medicine, contact a doctor, hospital, or the Poison Information Center for risk assessment and advice.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you have any further questions on the use of this product, ask your doctor or nurse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Possible side effects<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Like all medicines, this medicine can cause&nbsp;side effects, although not everybody gets them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All medicines can cause allergic reactions, but severe allergic reactions are very rare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Contact a doctor immediately if you get any of the following conditions<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>if you experience sudden wheezing, difficulty breathing, swelling of the eyelids, face, or lips, rash, or&nbsp;itching&nbsp;(especially if it affects the whole body).&nbsp;This side effect occurs in an unknown number of users (has been reported).<\/li><li>if you get an&nbsp;allergic reaction&nbsp;that causes joint pain, rash, and fever (&nbsp;Stevens-Johnson syndrome&nbsp;) severe disease with blisters on the skin and in a more serious condition (&nbsp;toxic epidermal necrolysis&nbsp;) with increased damage to the skin, or widespread rash with typical spots (erythema multi format ).&nbsp;This side effect is rare (may affect up to 1 in 1,000 people).<\/li><li>if you get an&nbsp;infection&nbsp;with symptoms such as fever with severe general deterioration or fever with local infection symptoms such as sore throat\/pharynx\/mouth or vomiting problems.&nbsp;Doctors should find out through blood tests if you have a severe lack of&nbsp;white blood cells&nbsp;(&nbsp;agranulocytosis&nbsp;).&nbsp;This side effect is rare (may affect up to 1 in 1,000 people).&nbsp;<\/li><li>if you get a severe skin reaction: red, scaly rash with bumps under the skin and blisters (exanthematous&nbsp;pustulosis&nbsp;).&nbsp;This side effect occurs in an unknown number of users (has been reported).<\/li><li>if you have severe liver (liver necrosis), inflammation of the liver (&nbsp;hepatitis&nbsp;), yellowing of the skin and eyes, dark urine and pale stools (jaundice),&nbsp;kidney failure.&nbsp;This side effect occurs in an unknown number of users (has been reported)<\/li><li>if you get increased acidity in your blood that can lead to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, palpitations, or headaches.&nbsp;This side effect is common (may affect up to 1 in 10 people).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Other&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;that may occur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Common&nbsp;<\/em><em>(may affect up to 1 in 10 people)<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Taste disorder (&nbsp;dysgeusia&nbsp;)&nbsp;<\/li><li>dizziness, fatigue<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Uncommon&nbsp;<\/em><em>(may affect up to 1 in 100 people&nbsp;<\/em><em>)<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>tingling or numbness in fingers or toes<\/li><li>itching<\/li><li>vomiting or nausea<\/li><li>low back pain due to&nbsp;kidney stones<\/li><li>fever, weakness<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Rare (&nbsp;<\/em><em>may affect up to&nbsp;<\/em><em>1 in 1,000 people)<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>general fatigue, pallor of the skin, throat infection (&nbsp;aplastic anemia&nbsp;)<\/li><li>muscle weakness<\/li><li>cramps (seizures)<\/li><li>temporary myopia that disappears when the&nbsp;dose is&nbsp;reduced or the treatment is stopped earrings or difficulty hearing<\/li><li>diarrhea<\/li><li>increased photosensitivity<\/li><li>increased hair in women<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Has been reported (occurs in an unknown number of people):<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>headache, irritation, agitation<\/li><li>lack of muscle coordination<\/li><li>depression, drowsiness, confusion<\/li><li>impaired hearing<\/li><li>black or tar-like stools<\/li><li>hives<\/li><li>reddening of the skin<\/li><li>increased urine, cloudy urine, blood, or sugar in the urine<\/li><li>increased thirst,<\/li><li>decreased sexual desire<\/li><li>osteoporosis<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The following can be seen in routine examinations:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>altered liver function<\/li><li>blood or sugar may be present in the urine<\/li><li>altered uric acid levels in the blood<\/li><li>altered blood sugar levels<\/li><li>changes in the blood picture<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Taking Diamox tablets for a long time can sometimes affect the amount of&nbsp;potassium or&nbsp;sodium&nbsp;in your blood.&nbsp;Your doctor will probably take blood samples to check that this is not happening.&nbsp;You may also experience bone thinning or risk of&nbsp;kidney stones with long-term treatment.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. How to store Diamox<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>No special storage instructions.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Do not use this medicine after the expiry date which is stated on the carton.&nbsp;The expiration date is the last day of the specified month.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Medicines should not be disposed of via wastewater or household waste.&nbsp;Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medicines no longer required.&nbsp;These measures will help to protect the environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Contents of the packaging and other information<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Content declaration<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The active substance is acetazolamide 500 mg per&nbsp;vial.<\/li><li>The other ingredients are sodium hydroxide,&nbsp;hydrochloric acid&nbsp;for&nbsp;pH&nbsp;adjustment 9.1- 9.2.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What the medicine looks like and the contents of the pack<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Diamox 500 mg powder for&nbsp;solution&nbsp;for&nbsp;injection&nbsp;is a white compact in a&nbsp;type I glass&nbsp;vial&nbsp;with a rubber stopper and an aluminum seal.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pack size: 1&nbsp;vial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Marketing Authorisation Holder<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Amdipharm Limited<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Temple Chambers<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3 Burlington Road<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dublin 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ireland<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Manufacturer<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>BAG Health Care GmbH<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Amtsgerichtstrasse 1-5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D-35423, Lich<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Germany<br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Diamox contains acetazolamide as the active ingredient, which lowers the pressure inside the eye by reducing the production of aqueous humor (fluid inside the eyeball).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"cybocfi_hide_featured_image":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2204,2200],"tags":[5663,5666,5665,5667,5670,5669,2216,2213,5664,5668],"class_list":["post-7463","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-d","category-medicines","tag-acetazolamide","tag-acetazolamide-injection","tag-acetazolamide-side-effects","tag-diamox","tag-diamox-injection","tag-diamox-side-effects","tag-injections","tag-medicines","tag-what-is-acetazolamide","tag-what-is-diamox"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7463","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7463"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7463\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11031,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7463\/revisions\/11031"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7463"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7463"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7463"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}