{"id":25825,"date":"2022-09-28T09:17:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-28T09:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/?p=25825"},"modified":"2022-09-30T12:27:11","modified_gmt":"2022-09-30T12:27:11","slug":"truvada","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/medicines\/truvada\/","title":{"rendered":"Truvada &#8211; Emtricitabine\/Tenofovir disoproxil uses, dose and side effects"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>200 mg\/245 mg&nbsp;film-coated tablets<br>emtricitabine\/tenofovir disoproxil<a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Truvada is and what it is used for<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Truvada contains two active substances,\u00a0<\/strong><em>emtricitabine<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<em>tenofovir disoproxil<\/em>.\u00a0Both of these active substances are\u00a0antiretroviral\u00a0drugs used to treat HIV infection.\u00a0Emtricitabine is a\u00a0nucleoside-type\u00a0reverse transcriptase inhibitor\u00a0and tenofovir is a\u00a0nucleotide-type reverse transcriptase inhibitor.\u00a0However, both are generally called NRTIs and work by affecting the normal function of an\u00a0enzyme\u00a0(reverse transcriptase) that the\u00a0virus\u00a0needs for its reproduction (propagation).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Truvada is a treatment for human immunodeficiency virus 1\u00a0(\u00a0HIV\u00a0-1 )\u00a0infection<\/strong>\u00a0in adults.<\/li><li><strong>The medicine is also used to treat\u00a0HIV\u00a0in young people aged 12 to under 18 who weigh at least 35 kg<\/strong>\u00a0and who have already been treated with other\u00a0HIV\u00a0medicines which are no longer effective or which have caused\u00a0side effects.<br>&#8211; Truvada must always be taken in combination with other medicines against\u00a0HIV\u00a0.- Truvada can be used instead of the separate\u00a0administration\u00a0of emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil at the same\u00a0dose.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>People who are&nbsp;HIV&nbsp;-positive can still transmit&nbsp;HIV&nbsp;when<\/strong>&nbsp;taking this medicine, even though the risk is reduced with effective&nbsp;antiretroviral&nbsp;therapy.&nbsp;Discuss the necessary measures to avoid infecting others with your doctor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>This medicine does not\u00a0cure\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection<\/strong>.\u00a0While taking Truvada, you may still develop\u00a0an infection\u00a0or other illnesses\u00a0associated with\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Truvada is also used to reduce the risk of becoming infected with&nbsp;HIV&nbsp;&#8211; 1 in adults&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>and adolescents aged 12 years and up to less than 18 years who weigh at least 35 kg,<\/strong>&nbsp;when taken daily along with safe sex:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>See Section 2 for a list of precautions that can be taken\u00a0against\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What you need to know before you take Truvada<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Do not take Truvada<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Do not take Truvada to treat&nbsp;HIV&nbsp;or to reduce the risk of&nbsp;contracting HIV&nbsp;if you are allergic<\/strong>&nbsp;to emtricitabine, tenofovir, tenofovir disoproxil, or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2192\u00a0<\/strong><strong>If this applies to you, inform your doctor immediately<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Before taking Truvada to reduce your risk of getting HIV:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Truvada can only help reduce your risk of getting&nbsp;HIV&nbsp;<strong>before<\/strong>&nbsp;you are infected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>To reduce your risk of getting\u00a0HIV<\/strong>, you must be\u00a0HIV\u00a0-negative before starting Truvada.\u00a0You must be tested to ensure that you do not already have\u00a0an\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection.\u00a0Do not take Truvada to reduce your risk of infection unless it has been confirmed that you are\u00a0HIV-negative.\u00a0People with\u00a0HIV\u00a0must take Truvada in combination with other medicines.<\/li><li>Many\u00a0HIV\u00a0tests can miss a\u00a0recent\u00a0infection.\u00a0If you get a flu-like illness, it may mean that you have recently been infected with\u00a0HIV.<br>These can be signs of\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection:<ul><li>fatigue<\/li><li>fever<\/li><li>joint or muscle pain<\/li><li>headache<\/li><li>vomiting or diarrhea<\/li><li>rash<\/li><li>night sweats<\/li><li>enlarged\u00a0lymph nodes\u00a0in the neck or groin.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2192&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>Tell the doctor about any&nbsp;flu-like symptoms<\/strong>&nbsp;&#8211; either in the month before starting treatment with Truvada or at any time while taking Truvada.<a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Warnings and precautions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>While you are taking Truvada to reduce your risk of getting HIV:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Take Truvada every day\u00a0<strong>to reduce your risk, not just when you think you have been exposed to the risk of\u00a0getting\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection<\/strong>.\u00a0Do not miss any\u00a0doses\u00a0of Truvada or stop taking it.\u00a0If you miss a\u00a0dose, your risk of contracting\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection\u00a0may\u00a0increase.<\/li><li>Get tested regularly for\u00a0HIV.<\/li><li>If you think you have been infected with\u00a0HIV, tell your doctor immediately.\u00a0The doctor may want to perform several tests to make sure you are still\u00a0HIV-negative.<\/li><li>Taking Truvada alone may not prevent you from getting\u00a0HIV.<ul><li>Always practice safe sex.\u00a0Use a condom to reduce contact with semen, vaginal fluids, or blood.<\/li><li>Do not share personal items that may contain blood or body fluids, e.g.\u00a0toothbrushes and razor blades.<\/li><li>Do not share or reuse needles or other injection or drug equipment.<\/li><li>Get tested for other sexually transmitted\u00a0infections\u00a0such as\u00a0syphilis\u00a0and\u00a0gonorrhea.\u00a0These\u00a0infections\u00a0make it easier for you to become infected with\u00a0HIV.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ask your doctor if you have more questions about how to prevent getting&nbsp;HIV&nbsp;or passing&nbsp;HIV&nbsp;to other people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>While you are taking Truvada to treat&nbsp;HIV&nbsp;or to reduce your risk of getting HIV:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Truvada can affect your kidneys.\u00a0<\/strong>Before and during treatment, your doctor may\u00a0order\u00a0some blood tests to measure kidney function.\u00a0Inform your doctor if you have had kidney disease in the past or if tests have shown that you have kidney problems.\u00a0Truvada should not be given to adolescents with existing kidney problems.\u00a0If you have kidney problems, your doctor may advise you to stop taking Truvada or, if you already have\u00a0HIV, to take the tablets less often.\u00a0Truvada is not recommended if you have severe kidney disease or if you are receiving\u00a0dialysis.<br>Bone problems (manifesting as persistent or worsening bone pain and sometimes leading to\u00a0fractures\u00a0) may also occur due to damage to renal tubule cells (see section 4,\u00a0Possible\u00a0side effects\u00a0).\u00a0Tell your doctor if you have bone pain or\u00a0a fracture.<br>Tenofovir disoproxil can also cause loss of bone mass.\u00a0The most pronounced bone loss was seen in\u00a0clinical trials\u00a0when patients were treated for\u00a0HIV\u00a0with tenofovir disoproxil in combination with a boosted\u00a0protease inhibitor.<br>Overall, the effects of tenofovir disoproxil on long-term bone health and future fracture risk in adults and children are uncertain.<br>Tell your doctor if you suffer from osteoporosis.\u00a0Patients with osteoporosis are at higher risk of\u00a0fracture.<\/li><li>Inform your doctor if you already have or have had liver disease, including\u00a0hepatitis.\u00a0HIV\u00a0patients with liver disease (including\u00a0chronic\u00a0hepatitis\u00a0B or C) treated with antiretroviral agents are at increased risk of severe and potentially fatal liver complications.\u00a0If you have\u00a0hepatitis\u00a0B or C, your doctor will carefully choose the best treatment for you.<\/li><li>Find out your\u00a0hepatitis\u00a0B virus (HBV) status before starting Truvada.\u00a0If you have HBV, there is a serious risk of liver problems when you stop taking Truvada, whether or not you also have\u00a0HIV.\u00a0It is important not to stop taking Truvada without talking to your doctor, see section 3, \u201c\u00a0<em>Do not stop taking Truvada<\/em>\u00a0\u201d.<\/li><li><strong>Talk to your doctor if you are over 65.\u00a0<\/strong>Truvada has not been studied in patients over 65 years of age.<\/li><li>Talk to your doctor if you are lactose intolerant (see \u201cTruvada contains lactose\u201d later in this section.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Taking Truvada with food and drink<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Whenever possible, Truvada should be taken with food.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Children and young people<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Truvada should not be used in children under 12 years of age.<a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pregnancy and breastfeeding<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, think you may be pregnant, or are planning to have a baby, ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice before using this medicine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you have taken Truvada during your pregnancy, the doctor may ask the baby to have regular blood tests and other tests to check the baby&#8217;s development.\u00a0For children whose\u00a0mothers\u00a0took NRTIs during pregnancy, the benefit of protection against\u00a0HIV\u00a0is greater than the risk of\u00a0side effects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Do not breastfeed during treatment with Truvada.&nbsp;<\/strong>This is because the active substances in this medicine are excreted in human breast milk.<\/li><li>If you are an HIV-infected woman, you should not breastfeed your infant to avoid transmission of&nbsp;HIV&nbsp;to the baby through breast milk.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Driving ability and use of machinery<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Truvada can cause dizziness.&nbsp;<strong>Do not drive<\/strong>&nbsp;or use tools or machines if you feel dizzy while taking Truvada.<a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Truvada contains lactose<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you have an intolerance to certain sugars, you should consult your doctor before taking this medication.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Truvada contains&nbsp;sodium<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This medicine contains less than 1 mmol (23 mg)&nbsp;of sodium&nbsp;per tablet, i.e. it is almost &#8216;sodium-free&#8217;.<br><a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to take Truvada<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Always take Truvada as directed by your doctor.&nbsp;<\/strong>Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you are unsure.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The recommended&nbsp;dose&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>of Truvada for&nbsp;HIV&nbsp;treatment is:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Adults:<\/strong>&nbsp;one tablet daily, if possible with food.<\/li><li><strong>Young people aged 12 to under 18 years weighing at least 35 kg:<\/strong>&nbsp;one tablet daily, if possible with food.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The recommended&nbsp;dose&nbsp;of Truvada to reduce the risk of getting&nbsp;HIV&nbsp;is:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Adults:<\/strong>\u00a0one tablet daily, if possible with food.<\/li><li><strong>Adolescents 12 years and up to less than 18 years weighing at least 35 kg:<\/strong>\u00a0one tablet daily, if possible with food.<br>If you have difficulty swallowing, you can crush the tablet with the tip of a spoon.\u00a0Then mix the powder with about 100 ml (half a glass) of water, orange juice, or grape juice and drink immediately.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Always take the\u00a0dose\u00a0prescribed by the doctor<\/strong>\u00a0to ensure that the medicine is effective and to reduce the development of\u00a0resistance\u00a0to the treatment.\u00a0Do not change the\u00a0dose\u00a0unless your doctor tells you to.<\/li><li><strong>If you are being treated for\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection<\/strong>,\u00a0your doctor will prescribe Truvada along with other antiretroviral medicines.\u00a0Read the leaflets for these medicines for guidance on how to take them.<\/li><li>If you are taking Truvada to reduce your risk of getting\u00a0HIV,\u00a0take Truvada every day, not just when you think you have been exposed to the risk of being infected with\u00a0HIV.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ask your doctor if you have any questions about how to prevent getting&nbsp;HIV&nbsp;or passing&nbsp;HIV&nbsp;to other people.<a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">If you have taken too much Truvada<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you accidentally take more than the prescribed&nbsp;dose&nbsp;of Truvada, contact your doctor or nearest emergency department for advice.&nbsp;Save the jar so you can easily describe what you have taken.<a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">If you miss a dose<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>You mustn&#8217;t miss a\u00a0dose\u00a0of Truvada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>If you notice within 12 hours<\/strong>\u00a0of the time you usually take Truvada, take the tablet, preferably with food, as soon as possible.\u00a0Then take the next\u00a0dose\u00a0at the usual time.<\/li><li><strong>If you notice it 12 hours or more after<\/strong>\u00a0the time you usually take Truvada, ignore the missed\u00a0dose.\u00a0Wait and take the next\u00a0dose, preferably with food, at the usual time.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>If you vomit less than 1 hour after a&nbsp;dose&nbsp;of Truvada,<\/strong>&nbsp;take another tablet.&nbsp;You do not need to take another tablet if you vomit more than 1 hour after taking Truvada.<a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Do not stop taking Truvada<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>If you are taking Truvada for the treatment of\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection<\/strong>, if you stop taking the tablets,\u00a0the effect of the anti-\u00a0HIV\u00a0treatment the doctor has recommended may be reduced.\u00a0<\/li><li>If you are taking Truvada to reduce your risk of getting\u00a0HIV,\u00a0do not stop taking Truvada or miss any\u00a0doses.\u00a0If you stop using Truvada or miss a\u00a0dose, your risk of getting\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection\u00a0may\u00a0increase.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2192&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;Do not stop taking Truvada without first talking to your doctor.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>If you have\u00a0chronic\u00a0hepatitis\u00a0B<\/strong>, you mustn&#8217;t stop Truvada treatment without first talking to your doctor.\u00a0You may need to provide blood samples for several months after the end of treatment.\u00a0In some patients with advanced liver disease or\u00a0cirrhosis, stopping treatment is not recommended as this may lead to the worsening of\u00a0hepatitis\u00a0A, which can be life-threatening.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2192 Inform your doctor immediately<\/strong>&nbsp;of any new and unexpected symptoms that appear after stopping treatment, especially symptoms that you usually associate with your&nbsp;hepatitis&nbsp;B infection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you have any further questions about this medicine, ask your doctor or pharmacist.<a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Possible side effects<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Like all medicines, this medicine can cause\u00a0side effects, although not everybody gets them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Any serious\u00a0side effects\u00a0are<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Lactic acidosis (excess\u00a0lactic acid\u00a0in the blood)<\/strong>\u00a0is a rare condition with potentially life-threatening\u00a0side effects.\u00a0Lactic acidosis occurs more often in women, especially if they are overweight, and in people with liver disease.\u00a0The following may be signs of lactic acidosis:<ul><li>deep, rapid breathing<\/li><li>drowsiness<\/li><li>nausea, vomiting<\/li><li>abdominal pain<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2192 If you think you may have lactic acidosis, seek medical attention immediately.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Any signs of\u00a0inflammation\u00a0or\u00a0infection<\/strong>.\u00a0In some patients with advanced\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection (\u00a0AIDS\u00a0) and previous opportunistic\u00a0infections\u00a0(\u00a0infections\u00a0that occur in people with a weak immune system), signs and symptoms of\u00a0inflammation\u00a0from previous\u00a0infections\u00a0may occur soon after\u00a0HIV\u00a0treatment is started.\u00a0It is believed that these symptoms are due to an improvement in the body&#8217;s immune system and enable the body to fight\u00a0infections\u00a0that may have existed without any visible symptoms.\u00a0<\/li><li>Autoimmune disorders,\u00a0when the immune system attacks healthy body tissue, can also occur after you start taking medicines to\u00a0treat\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection.\u00a0Autoimmune disorders may occur many months after treatment has begun.\u00a0Pay attention to any signs of\u00a0infection\u00a0or other symptoms such as:<ul><li>muscle weakness<\/li><li>weakness that starts in the hands and feet and moves up the trunk<\/li><li>palpitations, tremors or hyperactivity.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2192\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u00a0If you notice these or any symptoms of\u00a0inflammation\u00a0or\u00a0infection, seek medical attention immediately.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Possible side effects:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Very common&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;are<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>(may occur in at least 1 in 10 patients)<\/em>&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>diarrhea, vomiting, nausea<\/li><li>dizziness, headache<\/li><li>rash<\/li><li>feeling of weakness<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Samples may also show:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>lowering of the phosphate level in the blood<\/li><li>elevated creatine kinase<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Common&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;are<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>(may affect up to 10 in 100 patients)<\/em>&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>pain, abdominal pain<\/li><li>difficulty sleeping, abnormal dreams<\/li><li>indigestion resulting in discomfort after meals, feeling bloated, gas<\/li><li>skin rash (including red dots or patches of skin sometimes with blistering and swelling of the skin) which may be allergic reactions,\u00a0itching, skin discoloration including dark spots on the skin<\/li><li>other allergic reactions, such as wheezing\/wheezing, swelling, or a feeling of intoxication<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Samples may also show:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>low\u00a0white blood cell count\u00a0(a drop in\u00a0white blood cell count\u00a0can mean you are more likely to get an\u00a0infection\u00a0)<\/li><li>increased levels of\u00a0triglycerides\u00a0(fatty acids) in the blood, increased amount of bile pigments in the blood, or increased blood sugar<\/li><li>liver and pancreas problems<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Less common&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;are<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>(may affect up to 1 in 100 patients)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>pain in the abdomen (stomach) caused by\u00a0inflammation\u00a0of the pancreas<\/li><li>swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat<\/li><li>anemia\u00a0(low\u00a0red blood cell count\u00a0)<\/li><li>muscle breakdown, muscle pain, or muscle weakness that may occur due to damage to kidney tubule cells<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Samples may also show:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>lowered potassium levels in the blood<\/li><li>increased creatinine level in the blood<\/li><li>changes in urine<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Rare\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>side effects\u00a0are<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>(may occur in 1 in 1,000 patients)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>lactic acidosis\u00a0<em>(see Possible serious\u00a0side effects\u00a0)<\/em><\/li><li>fatty liver<\/li><li>yellow skin or eyes,\u00a0itching, or pain in the abdomen (stomach) caused by\u00a0inflammation\u00a0of the liver<\/li><li>kidney inflammation, urinating a lot and feeling thirsty,\u00a0kidney failure, and damage to kidney tubule cells.<\/li><li>reduced bone hardness (which causes bone pain and sometimes leads to\u00a0fractures\u00a0)<\/li><li>back pain caused by kidney problems<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Damage to kidney tubule cells can be associated with the breakdown of muscles, decreased bone hardness (which causes bone pain and sometimes leads to\u00a0fracture\u00a0), muscle pain, muscle weakness, and lowered\u00a0potassium\u00a0or phosphate levels in the blood.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2192 If you notice any of the <\/strong>side effects\u00a0mentioned above\u00a0or if any\u00a0side effects\u00a0become serious, talk to your doctor or pharmacist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The frequency of the following&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;is not known.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Skeletal problems.\u00a0<\/strong>Some patients taking combination antiretroviral drugs such as Truvada may develop a bone disease called\u00a0<em>osteonecrosis<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0(death of bone tissue caused by loss of blood supply to the bone tissue).\u00a0Some of the many risk factors for developing this disease are the use of this type of medicine for a long time, the use of\u00a0corticosteroids, the use of alcohol, a very weak immune system, and being overweight.\u00a0Signs of\u00a0osteonecrosis\u00a0are:<ul><li>joint stiffness<\/li><li>joint aches and pains (especially in the hip joint, knee joint, and shoulder joint)<\/li><li>difficulty moving.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2192&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>Inform the doctor if you notice any of these symptoms.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During treatment against\u00a0HIV, weight gain and an increase in blood fat and blood glucose levels may occur.\u00a0This is partly related to improved health and lifestyle and as far as blood fats are concerned, sometimes with the\u00a0HIV\u00a0drugs themselves.\u00a0Your doctor will take samples for this.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Other&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;in children<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Children who have been given emtricitabine have very often suffered from discoloration of the skin, including<\/li><li>dark spots on the skin<\/li><li>Children often suffer from too low several\u00a0red blood cells\u00a0(\u00a0anemia\u00a0).<\/li><li>This can lead to the child becoming tired or short of breath.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211;&nbsp;<strong>Inform your doctor if you notice any of these symptoms.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to store Truvada<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Keep this medicine out of sight and reach of children.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Use before the expiry date which is stated on the can and carton after EXP.&nbsp;The expiration date is the last day of the specified month.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Store in the original packaging.&nbsp;Moisture sensitive.&nbsp;Close the jar well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Medicines must not be thrown into the drain or among the household waste.\u00a0Ask the pharmacist how to dispose of medicines that are no longer used.\u00a0These measures will help to protect the environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Contents of the packaging and other information<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Contents declaration<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>The active substances<\/strong>\u00a0are\u00a0<em>emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil.\u00a0<\/em>One Truvada film-coated tablet contains 200 mg of emtricitabine and 245 mg of tenofovir disoproxil (equivalent to 300 mg of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, or 136 mg of tenofovir).<\/li><li><strong>Other ingredients<\/strong>\u00a0are croscarmellose sodium, glycerol triacetate (E1518), hypromellose (E464), indigo carmine (E132),\u00a0lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate (E572), microcrystalline cellulose (E460), pregelatinized\u00a0starch\u00a0(gluten-free) and titanium dioxide (E171).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Appearance and package sizes of the medicine<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Truvada film-coated tablets are blue, capsule-shaped tablets.&nbsp;On one side they are embossed with the word &#8220;GILEAD&#8221; and on the other side with the number &#8220;701&#8221;.&nbsp;Truvada is supplied in cans containing 30 tablets.&nbsp;Each jar contains desiccant (silica gel) which must be in the jar to protect the tablets.&nbsp;The desiccant (silica gel) is in a separate&nbsp;sachet&nbsp;or container and should not be swallowed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following pack sizes are available: Outer cartons containing 1 bottle of 30 film-coated tablets and 60 (2 bottles of 30) and 90 (3 bottles of 30) film-coated tablets.&nbsp;Not all pack sizes may be marketed.<a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Marketing Authorisation Holder:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Gilead Sciences Ireland UC<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Carrigtohill<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>County Cork, T45 DP77<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ireland<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Manufacturer:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gilead Sciences Ireland UC<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>IDA Business &amp; Technology Park<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Carrigtohill<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>County Cork<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ireland<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>200 mg\/245 mg\u00a0film-coated tablets<br \/>\nemtricitabine\/tenofovir disoproxil<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"cybocfi_hide_featured_image":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2200,22500],"tags":[3398,4328,3389,4331,4332,26642,26644,8832,4318,4330,26641,13322,26643],"class_list":["post-25825","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-medicines","category-t","tag-emtricitabine","tag-emtricitabine-tablet","tag-tenofovir-disoproxil","tag-tenofovir-disoproxil-side-effects","tag-tenofovir-disoproxil-tablet","tag-truvada","tag-truvada-tablet","tag-what-emtricitabine-is-used-for","tag-what-is-emtricitabine","tag-what-is-tenofovir-disoproxil","tag-what-is-truvada","tag-what-tenofovir-disoproxil-is-used-for","tag-what-truvada-is-used-for"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25825","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25825"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25825\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25929,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25825\/revisions\/25929"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25825"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25825"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25825"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}