{"id":25762,"date":"2022-09-26T07:37:45","date_gmt":"2022-09-26T07:37:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/?p=25762"},"modified":"2022-09-28T07:49:13","modified_gmt":"2022-09-28T07:49:13","slug":"trizivir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/medicines\/trizivir\/","title":{"rendered":"Trizivir &#8211; Abacavir\/lamivudine\/zidovudine uses, dose and side effects"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>300 mg\/150 mg\/300 mg&nbsp;film-coated tablets<br>abacavir\/lamivudine\/zidovudine<a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Trizivir is and what it is used for<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Trizivir is used to treat&nbsp;HIV&nbsp;infection&nbsp;in&nbsp;adults.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trizivir contains three active substances used to treat\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection\u00a0(\u00a0<strong>human\u00a0immunodeficiency virus infection)<\/strong>:\u00a0abacavir, lamivudine, and zidovudine.\u00a0All these substances belong to a group of antiretroviral drugs called\u00a0nucleoside analog\u00a0reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trizivir helps control your disease.\u00a0Trizivir does not\u00a0cure\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection.\u00a0It reduces the number of\u00a0viruses\u00a0in the body and keeps it at a low level.\u00a0This helps your body increase the number of CD4 cells in the blood.\u00a0CD4 cells are a type of\u00a0white blood cell\u00a0that is important for the body to fight\u00a0infection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Not all patients respond to treatment with Trizivir in the same way.&nbsp;Your doctor will check which treatment effect you get.<br><a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What you need to know before you take Trizivir<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Do not take Trizivir:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>if you are\u00a0<strong>allergic\u00a0<\/strong><em>(hypersensitive)<\/em>\u00a0to abacavir (or to other medicines containing abacavir &#8211;\u00a0<strong>Kivexa<\/strong>,\u00a0Triumeq,\u00a0or\u00a0Ziagen\u00a0), lamivudine or zidovudine, or to any of the other ingredients of this medicine\u00a0(see section 6).<\/li><li>Be sure to read the full information on\u00a0hypersensitivity reactions\u00a0in section 4.<\/li><li>if you have\u00a0severe kidney problems<\/li><li>if you have a very low number of\u00a0red blood cells\u00a0(anemia<em>)\u00a0<\/em><strong>or a very low number of white blood cells\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><em>(\u00a0neutropenia\u00a0).<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Check with your doctor<\/strong>&nbsp;if you think any of these apply to you.<a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Take special care with Trizivir<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Some patients taking Trizivir are at greater risk of serious\u00a0side effects.\u00a0You need to be aware of the additional risks:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>If you have moderate or severe liver disease<\/li><li>if you have previously had\u00a0<strong>liver disease<\/strong>, including hepatitis B or hepatitis C (if you have\u00a0hepatitis\u00a0B\u00a0infection, do not stop taking Trizivir without consulting your doctor as your\u00a0hepatitis\u00a0may come back)<\/li><li>if you are severely\u00a0<strong>overweight<\/strong>\u00a0(especially if you are a woman)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Talk to your doctor if any of these apply to you before using Trizivir.&nbsp;<\/strong>You may need extra checks, including blood tests, while you are taking medication.&nbsp;<strong>See section 4 for more information.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hypersensitivity reaction&nbsp;to abacavir<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Even patients who do not have the HLA-B*5701 gene can develop a&nbsp;<strong>hypersensitivity reaction<\/strong>&nbsp;(a severe&nbsp;allergic reaction&nbsp;).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Be sure to read the full information on\u00a0hypersensitivity reactions\u00a0in section 4 of this leaflet.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Risk of heart attack<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It cannot be ruled out that abacavir may increase the risk of a heart attack.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tell your doctor<\/strong>&nbsp;if you have heart problems, if you smoke, or if you have other conditions such as high&nbsp;blood pressure&nbsp;or&nbsp;diabetes&nbsp;that may increase your risk of heart disease.&nbsp;Do not stop taking Trizivir unless your doctor advises you to do so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pay attention to important symptoms<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some people who use Trizivir develop other conditions that can be serious.&nbsp;You need to know important signs and symptoms to look out for while taking Trizivir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Read the information &#8220;Other possible&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;of Trizivir&#8221; in section 4 of this leaflet.<\/strong><a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Other medicines and Trizivir<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking or have recently taken any other medicines,<\/strong>\u00a0including over-the-counter medicines, herbal medicines, herbal medicines, or other natural products.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Remember to tell your doctor or pharmacist if you start taking a new medicine while you are taking Trizivir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>These medicines should not be taken with Trizivir:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>stavudine or emtricitabine to\u00a0<strong>treat\u00a0<\/strong><strong>HIV\u00a0infection<\/strong><\/li><li>medicines containing lamivudine, for the treatment\u00a0<strong>of\u00a0<\/strong><strong>HIV\u00a0infection<\/strong>\u00a0or\u00a0<strong>hepatitis\u00a0B\u00a0infection<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>ribavirin<\/strong>\u00a0or\u00a0injection\u00a0of ganciclovir for treatment of\u00a0<strong>viral\u00a0infection<\/strong><\/li><li>high\u00a0doses\u00a0of\u00a0<strong>co-trimoxazole<\/strong>, an\u00a0antibiotic.<\/li><li>cladribine, which is used to treat\u00a0<strong>hairy cell leukemia<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tell your doctor<\/strong>&nbsp;if you are being treated with any of these medicines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Some medicines make you more likely to have&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;or make the&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;worse.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>sodium valproate, for the treatment of\u00a0<strong>epilepsy<\/strong><\/li><li>interferon,\u00a0for the treatment of\u00a0viral\u00a0infections<\/li><li>pyrimethamine, for the treatment of\u00a0malaria\u00a0and other parasitic infections<\/li><li>dapsone, to prevent\u00a0pneumonia\u00a0and treat skin infections<\/li><li>fluconazole\u00a0or flucytosine, for the treatment of\u00a0fungal infections\u00a0such as\u00a0candida<\/li><li>pentamidine or atovaquone, to treat parasitic infections such as\u00a0Pneumocystis\u00a0\u00a0jirovecii\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0pneumonia\u00a0(often called PCP)<\/li><li>amphotericin or co-trimoxazole, to treat\u00a0fungal and bacterial infections<\/li><li>probenecid, for the treatment of\u00a0gout\u00a0and similar conditions, and which is given together with\u00a0antibiotics\u00a0to increase the effectiveness<\/li><li>methadone, used as a\u00a0heroin substitute<\/li><li>vincristine, vinblastine, or doxorubicin, for the treatment of\u00a0cancer.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tell your doctor<\/strong>&nbsp;if you are using any of these medicines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Some drugs interact with Trizivir<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>clarithromycin<\/strong>, an\u00a0antibiotic you are taking clarithromycin, take your\u00a0dose\u00a0at least 2 hours before or after you take Trizivir.<\/li><li>phenytoin, for the treatment of\u00a0epilepsy. Tell your doctor\u00a0if you are taking\u00a0phenytoin.\u00a0Your doctor may need to monitor you while you are taking Trizivir.<\/li><li>medicines (usual liquids) containing\u00a0sorbitol and other sugar alcohols\u00a0(such as xylitol, mannitol, lactitol, and maltitol), if taken regularly. <strong>Tell your doctor or pharmacist<\/strong>\u00a0if you are being treated with any of these medicines.<\/li><li><strong>riociguat,<\/strong>\u00a0to treat\u00a0<strong>high\u00a0blood pressure\u00a0in the blood vessels<\/strong>\u00a0(pulmonary arteries) that carry blood from the heart to the lungs.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Your doctor may need to lower your riociguat&nbsp;dose&nbsp;because abacavir can increase riociguat blood levels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Methadone&nbsp;and Trizivir<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Abacavir increases the rate at which\u00a0methadone\u00a0is eliminated from the body.\u00a0If you are taking\u00a0methadone, you will be monitored for withdrawal symptoms.\u00a0Your methadone dose may need to be changed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pregnancy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>If you are pregnant, become pregnant, or plan to become pregnant, talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits for you and your baby of taking Trizivir during your pregnancy.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trizivir and similar medicines can cause&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;in the fetus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you have taken Trizivir during your pregnancy, the doctor may request regular blood tests and other diagnostic tests to check the baby&#8217;s development.\u00a0For children of a\u00a0mother\u00a0who took NRTIs during pregnancy, the benefit of protection against\u00a0HIV\u00a0is greater than the risk of\u00a0side effects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Breast-feeding<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Breastfeeding&nbsp;<strong>is not recommended<\/strong>&nbsp;for women living with&nbsp;HIV&nbsp;because&nbsp;HIV&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;infection<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>can be transferred to the baby through breast milk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A small amount of the ingredients in Trizivir can also pass into breast milk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you are breastfeeding or thinking about starting to breastfeed,\u00a0<strong>discuss this with your doctor as soon as possible.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Driving ability and use of machinery<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Trizivir can make you dizzy<\/strong>&nbsp;and has other&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;that can make you less alert.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Do not drive or operate machinery<\/strong>&nbsp;if you are unwell.<a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Important information about any ingredient in Trizivir tablets<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This medicine contains less than 1 mmol (23 mg) of&nbsp;sodium&nbsp;per dose unit, i.e. it is almost &#8216;sodium-free&#8217;.<br><a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to take Trizivir<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Always take this medicine as directed by your doctor.&nbsp;<\/strong>Consult your doctor or pharmacist if you are unsure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keep in touch with your doctor and do not stop taking Trizivir<\/strong>&nbsp;without your doctor&#8217;s advice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How much to take<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The usual&nbsp;dose&nbsp;of Trizivir for adults is one tablet twice daily.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Take the tablets at regular times with approximately 12 hours between each\u00a0dose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Swallow the tablets whole with a little water.&nbsp;Trizivir can be taken with or without food.<a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">If you have taken too much Trizivir<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you accidentally take too much Trizivir, talk to your doctor or pharmacist, or contact the emergency department of your nearest hospital for further advice.<a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">If you forget to take Trizivir<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you have forgotten to take a\u00a0dose, take it as soon as you remember.\u00a0Then continue with the treatment as before.\u00a0Do not take a double\u00a0dose\u00a0to make up for a missed\u00a0dose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You must take Trizivir regularly, because an irregular intake may mean that the drug does not continue to work against\u00a0HIV\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0infection, and the risk of a\u00a0hypersensitivity reaction\u00a0increases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">If you have stopped taking Trizivir<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you have stopped taking Trizivir for any reason &#8211; especially when you think you may have had&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;or because of another illness:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Talk to your doctor before you start taking the medicine again.\u00a0<\/strong>Your doctor will investigate whether your symptoms were related to a\u00a0hypersensitivity reaction.\u00a0If the doctor thinks there is a connection,\u00a0you will be asked to never take Trizivir or other medicines containing abacavir (Kivexa, Triumeq, or Ziagen) ever again.\u00a0You must follow this advice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If your doctor advises you to start taking Trizivir again, you may be asked to take the first&nbsp;dose&nbsp;one at a time where you have access to medical care if needed.<a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Possible side effects<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>During\u00a0HIV\u00a0treatment, weight gain and increased levels of\u00a0lipids\u00a0and\u00a0glucose\u00a0in the blood may occur.\u00a0This is partly related to restored health and lifestyle, but in the case of blood lipids, there can sometimes be a connection with HIV\u00a0drugs.\u00a0The doctor will perform tests to find such changes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Treatment with Trizivir often causes loss of fat on the legs, arms, and face\u00a0(lipoatrophy).\u00a0It has been shown that such loss of body fat may not fully reverse after zidovudine treatment is stopped.\u00a0Your doctor will look for signs of lipoatrophy.\u00a0Tell your doctor if you notice a decrease in the amount of fat on your legs, arms, and face.\u00a0When such signs appear, you should stop taking Trizivir and get other\u00a0HIV\u00a0treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Like all medicines, this medicine can cause\u00a0side effects, although not everybody gets them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When treating an\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection,\u00a0it is not always possible to distinguish disease symptoms from drug side effects caused by Trizivir or other drugs are taken at the same time or symptoms of\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection\u00a0per se.\u00a0For this reason, you must talk<strong> to your doctor about any changes in your health.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Even patients who do not have the HLA-B*5701 gene can develop\u00a0<strong>a\u00a0hypersensitivity reaction<\/strong>\u00a0(a severe\u00a0allergic reaction\u00a0), described in this leaflet under the heading &#8220;Hypersensitivity reactions&#8221;.\u00a0You must read<strong> and understand the information about this serious reaction.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>As well to<\/strong> the\u00a0side effects\u00a0mentioned below for Trizivir, other conditions may develop during treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is important to read the information on the other side of this leaflet under &#8220;Other possible\u00a0side effects\u00a0of Trizivir&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Hypersensitivity\u00a0reaction<\/strong><br><strong>Trizivir<\/strong>\u00a0contains\u00a0<strong>abacavir<\/strong>\u00a0(which is also an active substance in\u00a0<strong>Kivexa<\/strong>,\u00a0Triumeq,\u00a0and\u00a0Ziagen\u00a0).\u00a0Abacavir can cause a serious\u00a0allergic reaction, a so-called\u00a0hypersensitivity reaction.\u00a0These\u00a0hypersensitivity reactions\u00a0have been seen more often in people taking medicines containing abacavir.<br>Who can get these reactions? Anyone taking Trizivir can develop a\u00a0hypersensitivity reaction\u00a0to abacavir, which can be life-threatening if they continue to take Trizivir.<br>You are more likely to develop such a reaction if you have a gene called\u00a0HLA-B*5701\u00a0(but you can react even if you do not have this gene).\u00a0You should have been tested for this gene before Trizivir was prescribed to you.\u00a0If you know you carry this gene, talk to your doctor before taking Trizivir.<br>About 3-4 out of every 100 patients\u00a0treated with abacavir in a\u00a0clinical trial who did not carry the HLA-B*5701 gene developed a hypersensitivity reaction.<br>What are the symptoms? The most common symptoms are fever\u00a0(high temperature) and\u00a0skin rash.<br>Other common symptoms are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and pronounced fatigue.<br>Other symptoms are joint or muscle pain, swollen throat, shortness of breath, sore throat, cough, temporary headache, eye inflammation (\u00a0conjunctivitis\u00a0), mouth sores, low\u00a0blood pressure, tingling, or numbness in the hands or feet.<br>When do these symptoms appear? Hypersensitivity reactions\u00a0can occur at any time during treatment with Trizivir but are more likely during the first six weeks of treatment.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Contact your doctor immediately:<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>1<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>if you get a rash, OR<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>2<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>if you get symptoms from at least 2 of the following groups:fever shortness<\/strong> of breath, sore throat or cough nausea or vomiting, diarrhea or abdominal pain pronounced fatigue or diffuse aches or general malaise. <strong>Your doctor may advise you to stop taking Trizivir.<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>If you have stopped taking Trizivir<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>If you have stopped taking Trizivir because of a\u00a0hypersensitivity reaction,\u00a0you must NEVER AGAIN take Trizivir or any other medicine containing abacavir (Kivexa, Triumeq, or Ziagen).\u00a0If you do, you can experience a dangerous drop in blood pressure within hours, which can result in death.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>If you have stopped taking Trizivir for any reason &#8211; especially when you think you may have had&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;or because of another illness:<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td><strong>Talk to your doctor before you start taking the medicine again.\u00a0<\/strong>Your doctor will investigate whether your symptoms were related to a\u00a0hypersensitivity reaction.\u00a0If the doctor thinks there is a connection,\u00a0you will be asked to never take Trizivir or other medicines containing abacavir (Kivexa, Triumeq, or Ziagen) ever again.\u00a0You must follow this advice.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Occasionally,\u00a0hypersensitivity reactions\u00a0have developed in patients restarting abacavir who had only one of the symptoms listed on the warning card before stopping the drug.<br>In very rare cases,\u00a0hypersensitivity reactions\u00a0have developed in patients who restart abacavir but who had no symptoms before stopping the drug.<br>If your doctor advises you to start taking Trizivir again, you may be asked to take the first\u00a0dose\u00a0one at a time where you have access to medical care if needed.<br><strong>If you are allergic to Trizivir, return all unused Trizivir tablets for destruction.\u00a0<\/strong>Consult your doctor or pharmacist.<br>The package of Trizivir contains an\u00a0<strong>alert<\/strong>\u00a0card to remind you and the healthcare professional about the\u00a0hypersensitivity reaction.\u00a0<strong>Tear off this card and carry it with you at all times.<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Very common&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;are<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These may affect&nbsp;<strong>more than 1 in 10<\/strong>&nbsp;users:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>headache<\/li><li>nausea.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Common&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;are<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These may affect&nbsp;<strong>up to 1 in 10<\/strong>&nbsp;users:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>hypersensitivity reaction<\/li><li>vomiting<\/li><li>diarrhea<\/li><li>abdominal pain<\/li><li>loss of appetite<\/li><li>dizziness<\/li><li>fatigue, listlessness<\/li><li>fever (high temperature)<\/li><li>general (general) malaise<\/li><li>sleep difficulties (&nbsp;<em>insomnia<\/em>&nbsp;)<\/li><li>muscle pain and discomfort<\/li><li>joint pain<\/li><li>cough<\/li><li>irritated or runny nose<\/li><li>rash<\/li><li>hair loss<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Common&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;that can be detected in blood tests are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>low&nbsp;red blood cell count&nbsp;<em>(&nbsp;anemia&nbsp;)<\/em>&nbsp;or low&nbsp;white blood cell count&nbsp;<em>(&nbsp;neutropenia&nbsp;or&nbsp;leukopenia&nbsp;)<\/em><\/li><li>increase in liver enzyme levels<\/li><li>increase in the level of&nbsp;<em>bilirubin<\/em>&nbsp;(a substance produced by the liver) in the blood, which can turn your skin yellow<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Less common&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;are<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These may affect&nbsp;<strong>up to 1 in 100<\/strong>&nbsp;users:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>shortness of breath<\/li><li>gas in the stomach&nbsp;<em>(&nbsp;flatulence&nbsp;)<\/em><\/li><li>itching<\/li><li>muscle weakness<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A less common&nbsp;side effect&nbsp;that can be detected in blood tests is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>a decrease in the number of blood cells involved in blood clotting\u00a0<em>(\u00a0thrombocytopenia\u00a0)<\/em>\u00a0or of all types of blood cells\u00a0<em>(pancytopenia)<\/em>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Rare\u00a0side effects\u00a0ar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These may affect&nbsp;<strong>up to 1 in 1,000<\/strong>&nbsp;users:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>liver diseases, such as jaundice, enlarged liver or\u00a0fatty liver,\u00a0inflammation\u00a0(\u00a0hepatitis\u00a0)<\/li><li>lactic acidosis (excess of\u00a0lactic acid\u00a0in the blood; see the next section under &#8220;Possible\u00a0side effects\u00a0of Trizivir&#8221;\u00a0)<\/li><li>inflammation\u00a0of the pancreas\u00a0(\u00a0pancreatitis\u00a0)<\/li><li>chest pain;\u00a0disease of the heart muscle\u00a0(\u00a0cardiomyopathy\u00a0)<\/li><li>convulsions<\/li><li>depression or anxiety, difficulty concentrating, drowsiness<\/li><li>poor digestion, taste changes<\/li><li>discoloration of the nails, skin, or mucous membrane inside the mouth<\/li><li>flu-like symptoms\u00a0\u2013 chills and sweating<\/li><li>numbness and tingling in the skin<\/li><li>the feeling of weakness in arms and legs<\/li><li>breakdown of muscle tissue<\/li><li>numbness<\/li><li>increased frequency of urination<\/li><li>breast augmentation in men<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Rare&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;that can be detected in blood tests are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>increase in an&nbsp;enzyme&nbsp;called amylase<\/li><li>failure of the bone marrow&#8217;s ability to form new&nbsp;red blood cells&nbsp;<em>(erythroblastopenia)<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Very rare&nbsp;side&nbsp;effects<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These may affect&nbsp;<strong>up to 1 in 10,000<\/strong>&nbsp;users:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>skin rash, which may blister and look like small targets (dark spot in the center surrounded by a lighter area and a dark ring along the edge)\u00a0<em>(erythema multiforme)<\/em><\/li><li>widespread skin rash with blisters and peeling skin, occurring especially around the mouth, nose, eyes, and genitals\u00a0(\u00a0Stevens-Johnson syndrome\u00a0), and a more severe form that causes skin peeling on more than 30% of the body surface\u00a0<em>(\u00a0toxic epidermal necrolysis\u00a0)<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>If you notice any of these symptoms, see a doctor immediately.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A very rare&nbsp;side effect&nbsp;that can be detected in blood tests is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>failure of the bone marrow&#8217;s ability to form new red and&nbsp;white blood cells&nbsp;<em>(&nbsp;aplastic anemia&nbsp;)<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>If you get a&nbsp;side effect&nbsp;ar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tell your doctor or pharmacist<\/strong>&nbsp;if any of these&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;become serious or bothersome, or if you notice any&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;not mentioned in this information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Other possible&nbsp;side effects&nbsp;of Trizivir<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trizivir can cause other conditions to develop during&nbsp;HIV&nbsp;treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Symptoms of&nbsp;infection&nbsp;and&nbsp;inflammation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Old&nbsp;infections&nbsp;can flare up<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Patients with advanced\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection\u00a0(\u00a0AIDS\u00a0) have a weakened immune system and are more likely to develop serious\u00a0infections\u00a0(opportunistic\u00a0infections\u00a0).\u00a0When these patients start treatment, it happens that old, hidden\u00a0infections\u00a0can flare up and cause signs and symptoms of\u00a0inflammation.\u00a0These symptoms are probably caused by the body&#8217;s immune system getting better and the body starts to fight these\u00a0infections.\u00a0Symptoms usually include <strong>fever<\/strong>\u00a0and any of the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>headache<\/li><li>gripe<\/li><li>breathing difficulties<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In rare cases, when the immune system becomes stronger, it can also attack healthy body tissue (autoimmune diseases).\u00a0The symptoms of autoimmune diseases can develop several months after you start taking medicines for\u00a0your\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection.\u00a0Symptoms may include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>palpitations (fast or irregular heartbeats) or tremors<\/li><li>hyperactivity (excessive restlessness and excessive movements)<\/li><li>weakness that starts in the hands and feet and moves up the trunk<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>If you notice any symptoms of&nbsp;infection&nbsp;while taking Trizivir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Talk to your doctor immediately<\/strong>.\u00a0Do not take any other anti-infection medicines\u00a0without consulting your doctor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Lactic acidosis is a rare but serious&nbsp;side effect<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some patients taking Trizivir to develop a condition called lactic acidosis, combined with an enlarged liver.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lactic acidosis is caused by a build-up of&nbsp;lactic acid&nbsp;in the body.&nbsp;This condition is rare and if it does occur it usually develops after a few months of treatment.&nbsp;It can be life-threatening and cause internal organ failure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The risk of developing lactic acidosis is greater in patients who have liver disease, or if they are severely overweight, especially in women.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Symptoms of lactic acidosis include:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>nausea, vomiting<\/li><li>abdominal pain<\/li><li>general malaise<\/li><li>decreased appetite, weight loss<\/li><li>deep, rapid, labored breathing<\/li><li>numbness or weakness in the arms and legs.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>During treatment, the doctor will closely monitor signs of lactic acidosis.&nbsp;If you have any of the symptoms mentioned above, or other symptoms that worry you:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>See your doctor as soon as possible.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>You may have problems with the skeleton<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some patients treated with\u00a0combination therapy\u00a0for\u00a0HIV\u00a0develop a condition called\u00a0<em>osteonecrosis<\/em>.\u00a0In this condition, parts of the bone tissue die due to reduced blood supply.\u00a0Patients may be at greater risk of developing this condition:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>if they have been treated with&nbsp;combination therapy&nbsp;for a long time<\/li><li>if they also take anti-inflammatory medicines&nbsp;called&nbsp;corticosteroids<\/li><li>if they drink alcohol<\/li><li>if their immune system is very weak<\/li><li>if they are overweight<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Signs of&nbsp;osteonecrosis&nbsp;include:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>stiffness in the joints<\/li><li>aches and pains (especially in the hips, knees, or shoulders)<\/li><li>movement difficulty<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>If you notice any of these symptoms:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tell your doctor.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Other effects that can be detected in blood tests<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trizivir can also cause:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>increased levels of&nbsp;lactic acid&nbsp;in the blood, which in rare cases can lead to lactic acidosis<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to store Trizivir<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Use before the expiry date stated on the carton.&nbsp;The expiration date is the last day of the specified month.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Store at a maximum of 30 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Medicines must not be thrown into the drain or among the household waste.\u00a0Ask the pharmacist how to dispose of medicines that are no longer used.\u00a0These measures will help to protect the environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Contents of the packaging and other information<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Contents declaration<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The active substances in each Trizivir film-coated tablet are 300 mg abacavir (as sulfate), 150 mg lamivudine, and 300 mg zidovudine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other ingredients in the tablet core are microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycolate, and magnesium stearate.\u00a0The film coating surrounding the tablet contains hypromellose, titanium dioxide, polyethylene glycol, indigo carmine, and yellow iron oxide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Appearance and package sizes of the medicine<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Trizivir film-coated tablets are engraved with \u201cGX LL1\u201d on one side.&nbsp;They are blue\/green and capsule shaped.&nbsp;The tablets are supplied in blister packs of 60 tablets or child-resistant sealed jars of 60 tablets.<a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Marketing Authorisation Holder<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>ViiV Healthcare BV<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Van Asch van Wijckstraat 55H<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3811 LP Amersfoort<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Netherlands&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Manufacturer<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Delpharm Pozna\u0144 Sp\u00f3\u0142ka Akcyjna, ul.&nbsp;Grunwaldzka 189, 60-322 Poznan, Poland.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Contact the representative of the Marketing Authorization Holder if you would like to know more about this medicine:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Belgi\u00eb\/Belgique\/Belgien<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare srl\/bvTel\/Tel: + 32 (0) 10 85 65 00<\/td><td><strong>Lithuania<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare BVPhone: + 370 80000334<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Bulgaria<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare BVTel.: + 359 80018205<\/td><td><strong>Luxembourg\/Luxembourg<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare srl\/bvBelgique\/BelgiumTel\/Tel: + 32 (0) 10 85 65 00<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Czech Republic<\/strong>GlaxoSmithKline s.r.oPhone: + 420 222 001 111cz.info@gsk.com<\/td><td><strong>Magyarorsz\u00e1g<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare BV LtdTel.: + 36 80088309<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Denmark<\/strong>GlaxoSmithKline Pharma A\/SPhone: + 45 36 35 91 00dk-info@gsk.com<\/td><td><strong>Malta<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare BVPhone: + 356 80065004<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Deutschland<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare GmbHTel.: + 49 (0)89 203 0038-10viiv.med.info@viivhealthcare.com<\/td><td><strong>The Netherlands<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare BVPhone: + 31 (0) 33 2081199<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Estonia<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare BVPhone: + 372 8002640<\/td><td><strong>Norway<\/strong>GlaxoSmithKline iPhone: + 47 22 70 20 00<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Greece<\/strong>GlaxoSmithKline \u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b7 AEBETel: + 30 210 68 82 100<\/td><td><strong>Austria<\/strong>GlaxoSmithKline Pharma GmbHTel: + 43 (0)1 97075 0at.info@gsk.com<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Spain<\/strong>Laboratorios ViiV Healthcare, SLPhone: +34 900 923 501es-ci@viivhealthcare.com<\/td><td><strong>Polish<\/strong>GSK Services Sp.&nbsp;z o. oTel.: + 48 (0)22 576 9000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>France<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare SASTel.: + 33 (0)1 39 17 6969Infomed@viivhealthcare.com<\/td><td><strong>Portugal<\/strong>VIIVHIV HEALTHCARE, UNIPESSOAL, LDAPhone: + 351 21 094 08 01viiv.fi.pt@viivhealthcare.com<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Hrvatska<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare BVPhone: + 385 800787089<\/td><td><strong>Romania<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare BVPhone: + 40800672524<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Ireland<\/strong>GlaxoSmithKline (Ireland) LimitedPhone: + 353 (0)1 4955000<\/td><td><strong>Slovenija<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare BV.Phone: + 386 80688869<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Iceland<\/strong>Vistor hf.Phone: +354 535 7000<\/td><td><strong>Slovenian Republic<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare BV.Phone: + 421 800500589<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Italy<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare SrlPhone: + 39 (0)45 7741600<\/td><td><strong>Finland\/Finland<\/strong>GlaxoSmithKline OyPhone\/Tel: + 358 (0)10 30 30 30<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Cyprus<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare BVTel: + 357 80070017<\/td><td><strong>Sweden<\/strong>GlaxoSmithKline ABPhone: + 46 (0)8 638 93 00info.produkt@gsk.com<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Latvia<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare BVPhone: + 371 80205045<\/td><td><strong>United Kingdom<\/strong><strong>(Northern Ireland)<\/strong>ViiV Healthcare BVPhone: + 44 (0)800 221441customercontactuk@gsk.com<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trizivir contains three active substances used to treat\u00a0HIV\u00a0infection\u00a0(\u00a0human\u00a0immunodeficiency virus infection)\u00a0:\u00a0abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine.\u00a0All these substances belong to a group of antiretroviral drugs called\u00a0nucleoside analogue\u00a0reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)\u00a0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"cybocfi_hide_featured_image":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2200,22500],"tags":[12082,12085,4015,5225,26578,26581,12084,12083,4016,26579,22850,12093,26580,22851,22849,26582],"class_list":["post-25762","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-medicines","category-t","tag-abacavir","tag-abacavir-tablet","tag-lamivudine","tag-lamivudine-tablet","tag-trizivir","tag-trizivir-tablet","tag-what-abacavir-is-used-for","tag-what-is-abacavir","tag-what-is-lamivudine","tag-what-is-trizivir","tag-what-is-zidovudine","tag-what-lamivudine-is-used-for","tag-what-trizivir-is-used-for","tag-what-zidovudine-is-used-for","tag-zidovudine","tag-zidovudine-tablet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25762","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25762"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25762\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25818,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25762\/revisions\/25818"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25762"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25762"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zeepedia.com\/medical\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25762"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}