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Forensic
Psychology (PSY -
513)
VU
Lesson
42
SUBSTANCE
MISUSE TREATMENT
PROGRAM
Objectives
To
understand the relationship of alcohol
and crimes
To
know about the basic
psychological techniques used
for substance misuse
treatment
Alcohol
Alcohol
is known as "Ummul- khabais"
because of our religious teachings in
our culture this drug
is
banned
and illegal along with other
drugs and not only alcohol
but all other drugs are
also not
acceptable
because of the clear instructions about
this drug. Alcohol is a
compelling central nervous
system
depressant; with a range of effects
Alcohol has a multiple
devastating effect on the
body,
nervous
system and liver. Initially,
alcohol generally produces
feelings of relaxation and jollity,
but
further
consumption can lead to
blurred vision and
coordination problems. A huge number of crimes/
violence
and road side accidents are
largely due to alcohol
consumption.
Poly
drug use
Mixing
drugs
Poly
drug use is highly
dangerous
Drinking
followed by drug use
Drug
use followed by drinking
One
drug after another
Extremely
dangerous
Can
affect more than just
the nervous
system
Treatment
Usually
substance misuse treatment is very
intensive and requires lot of energy
from both therapist
and
struggling
client who is trying to quit
the lethal lifestyle. Here
again the concept of stages of
change is
employed
as these stages are also
highly linked with the
degree of prognosis. As if a person is
self
referred,
indicates the motivation to quit drugs
and also pointing that
person is in preparation
phase
as
he
has taken a step towards
quitting the drugs.
Person
is helped to move from one
stage to next stage and
usually people who
approached the
maintenance
stage do not relapse. But
many people relapse while
moving in action and
preparation
stages.
Stages
of Change
Pre-contemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance
Treatment
Educational
programmes for
young offenders need to
adopt a broad educational approach to
over the
wide
range of substances used. At the
same time, it should be
acknowledged that much of
their
recreational
drug use is determined by
social settings and drug-using peer
groups, and may only
be
successfully
addressed by changes in lifestyle or
environment. A concentration on drug
use in isolation
is
unlikely to be successful. Programmes
focusing on positive alternatives to
drug taking are
welcomed.
Addicts
are being provided the
genuine information about the
destructive effects of different
drugs.
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Forensic
Psychology (PSY -
513)
VU
Learned
and educated people are
asked to list down the
benefits like momentary
pleasure and feeling
of
relaxation
and other harmful effects. Then
they are asked to analyze them
all meticulously.
Through
such
activities insight is
evoked.
Different
kind of therapies and activities are
used to help people in
quitting the drug.
Group
treatment vs individual
Relaxation
training
Mindfulness
Examining
costs and
benefits
Enhancing
motivation
Thinking
about a drug free
future
People
narrate life stories
Participants
are encouraged to support each
other
Facilitator
is also educator
Clarifying
misconceptions
Group
activities
Listening
to others
Sharing
experiences
Role
plays and drama
Music
Insight
and awareness about
consequences
Impulse
control
The
New Me
SEX
OFFENDER TREATMENT
PROGRAM
(Additional
material about an important and
sensitive area on forensic
psychology)
We
as psychologists are concerned with the
treatment of sexual
deviances defined
as any sexual
preference,
interest, or obsession out of the
ordinary and/or problematic.
Deviant sex is often
manifested
as
part of various psychological problems.
It is the responsibility of the therapist to treat the
sexually
deviated/problematic
people but can help
only if they are motivated
for the treatment. And if they do
not
want
a therapist can not help
them.
Homosexuality
We
have a deeply segregated society,
boy's schools, girl's
schools, boy's or girl's
"mudrasas". As a
result
child form sexual relationships
with same sex in these
institutions and it is more likely to
happen
than
we believe. Some people treat
this as a stage and when
they cross this stage,
lead a normal life.
But
some
times it can take another direction
and it becomes their preference
and some of them are unable
to
develop
attraction for opposite gender and
cause a lot of problem in
family many of them go along
with
this
and do get married and have children but
maintain a series of affairs
with other men on side. All
this
rex
their marriages and increase
the danger of HIV.
Types
One
who have been indulged in
homosexuality but have preference for
opposite gender
One
who could not develop
preference heterosexual relationships
In
such cases certain roles are
adopted and one play dominant role and
other play submissive
role.
Researches
show that man having submissive roles
experience more difficulties in adjustment to
normal
life.
Pedophiles
Persons
having sexual interests toward
children.
147
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Forensic
Psychology (PSY -
513)
VU
Treatment
for Pedophiles and
homosexuals
Such
treatment programs encompasses
following important things:
Training
people in non deviant sexual
arousal by the use of pornographic
material
Client
is supposed to maintain a diary stating
true sexual
fantasies.
-Temptation
in environment is removed.
Relapse
Prevention Program
-Consists
of 4 principals
Have
to be aware of consequences.
Surf
the urge
In
their shoes
New
me
Penile
plysmathography
The
patient is seated in a
chair
His
penis connected to a monitor via
ring around the shaft
He
is shown deviant and non-deviant sexual
stimuli
His
erection is measured in response to
these stimuli
Problems
with PPG
Awkward
Inhumane
Most
clients get no erection
Some
normal clients can get
erection to non-deviant stimuli due to
novelty
Unreliable
May
even be invalid
Types
of sex offenders
Sexual
misbehavior that is illegal
but the parties are consenting or no
victim is involved:
prostitution,
pimping, consenting sex in public
spaces, pornography
Sexual
acts with children,
non-consenting adults
Non-contact
sex: exhibitionism &
voyeurism
Sex
with animals & dead bodies
Sex
offender Treatment
Program
Victim
Empathy is evoked in
offenders
Consequences
of action are being
realized
Treating
deviance and pornographic material is
used to treat the deviance
behavior
Problems
with SOTP
Naïve
Mostly
therapists are women
Clients
are men
Recall
leads to arousal
Clients
use recall to excite
themselves
Treatment
Methodology
·
Teaching rights
·
Religious teachings
148